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Rubber Seal
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For your commercial rubber roofing project, you want the best technology available used on the roof of your building. Different roofing systems are available to suit the needs of your specific flat roof. Materials other than rubber are also available for commercial applications, but the ease of repair and care when using rubber adds a great benefit to the choice of rubber roofing. Remember that when repair must be conducted on your rubber roof, the old membrane should be removed according to local and federal regulations. Here are two main roofing systems to consider for your commercial roofing project.

The Duro-Last roofing system is a single-ply roof that calls for 80% fewer field welded seams. This means that roof care is simplified since there is a guarantee of no leaks with the Duro-Last roofing system. It also means that installation is faster and easier to perform. Customers in the past have reported that labor and installation costs are cut by up to 50% when the Duro-Last system is used as the form of rubber roofing on a flat roof. The need for roof repair after installation should take at least 15 years, as that is how long the warranty lasts for. The thermoplastic membrane is resistant against wear and tear and mechanically fastened to ensure water tightness.

The EPDM roofing system is another rubber roofing option. It comes in 20' x 100' rolls. Because of the wide 20-foot width, fewer field laps are needed. It can also be cut into smaller strips to fit buildings with a less expansive flat roof. Either a mechanically sealed or fully adhered application of this product can be performed. Repair is simple because the pieces can be cut away and replaced as needed. For roof care of the EPDM roofing system, you can be sure that the weather resistant material requires little maintenance on the part of the building owner and when repairs must be done, professionals should be called in.

The cost-effective rubber roofing option provides you with an excellent way to seal your roof off from the weather and other outdoor conditions. A flat roof requires a proper drainage system, and the professionals who install your commercial roof will implement properly sloped materials to get the job done well. Simple repair and easy care accompany rubber systems, a definite reason you should consider such an option.

Rodrigo Pinto is a professional freelance writer. His articles includes a broad range of subjects. He likes to be challenged with new subjects and gets to research about it. For more information about rubber roofing visit http://www.lctroofing.com.

Reciprocating Seals for Hydraulic Cylinders

The most common fluids used in hydraulic systems are mineral oil based. In recent years, there has been a lot of attention paid to environmentally acceptable hydraulic fluids, but their use, so far, is limited, mainly because of their relatively high-cost compared with mineral oil. In many cases, standard reciprocating seals can be used in these fluids. Fire resistant fluids, such as high water based fluids, have applications in particular areas such as long-wall mining and have led to the evolution of specialised seals, but the vast majority of applications use hydraulic mineral oil. Two main factors affecting mineral oil based systems are cost and leakage.
This article looks at two key subjects:-
• The effect of tube finish on seal performance – the lowest cost tube may not give the desired performance
• The influence of the wiper on the leakage from the gland

THE EFFECT OF TUBE FINISH ON SEAL PERFORMANCE

A piston seal for a hydraulic cylinder is only part of the sealing system. Its life will depend on a number of factors, a major one being the nature of the surface against which it is running. Steel hydraulic cylinder tubes generally have a surface finish which is produced in one of three ways: -

• honing
• roller-burnishing
• drawing over a mandrel (DOM)

Hallite Seals have carried out major studies on the performance of double acting seals, used in both a double acting and single acting manner examining the affect of the method of tube manufacture and, hence, tube surface texture, on the performance of a typical double acting piston seal.

Cylinder Tube Manufacture

Hydraulic cylinder tubes are generally made from steel which is drawn over a mandrel (DOM). This process work hardens the material and gives it desirable mechanical properties. The final tube surface is obtained in one of three ways. In the honing process the tube is machined to gain the required roundness and bore tolerance and to remove surface imperfections, then finished by internally grinding or honing. In skived and roller-burnished tube the tube is again internally machined (skived) and flattened by rollers on the machining head. More recently drawing techniques have been developed such that the tube is considered ready to use in the as drawn state. This is known as special smooth inside diameter (SSID) or 'smooth bore' tube.

In terms of finished tube cost the ranking starting with the cheapest is SSID DOM, roller burnished and honed. SSID DOM tube can be 30% cheaper than roller-burnished, so its attractions to the cylinder builder are obvious. However, the quality of such tubes can be an issue which could lead to premature seal failure.

The Limitations of As-Drawn (SSID) Tube

SSID tube has been found to have limitations in application, particularly where the double acting piston seal is being driven into pressure. This can happen, for instance, when the lowering of a load is being controlled by the release of fluid from the full bore. The process of manufacture of as-drawn tube results in axial scoring of the tube; in roller-burnished and honed tube, such defects are eliminated by the finishing of the tube in a circumferential direction. These axial scores can provide sites for the fluid to jet over the seal eroding the contact face, particularly when the seal is being driven into pressure. A further difficulty is that such defects are not detected by the usual methods of surface finish measurement.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE WIPER ON GLAND LEAKAGE

The gland sealing system of a hydraulic cylinder consists of a number of elements, including the seal housings, the rod seal, the rod wiper, the rod bearing, the hydraulic fluid and the rod itself. Rods are generally hard chrome plated and relatively consistent in finish. The rod wiper has the primary function of preventing external contamination reaching the rod seal and gland bearings, and for this reason is fitted to the vast majority of hydraulic cylinders. However, this component has often been omitted in the laboratory testing of reciprocating seals.
Extensive studies have been carried out on the factors affecting reciprocating seal performance including the counter-face surface finish and the effects of contamination.

Hallite Seals carried out a series of tests where the leakage performance of five different wipers working with a common polyurethane rod seal was assessed. It is shown that he wiper is an important factor in the control of leakage from the hydraulic cylinder gland. Single lip wipers can give a much greater leakage than the seal, on its own, without a wiper. This is the result of the wiping lip collecting the oil on the rod, which provides the boundary lubrication to the seal. The use of double lip wipers reduces the leakage to the level of that of a seal on its own, but there is a danger of pressure trapping between the seal and the wiper. A double lip wiper profile has been developed, which minimizes the ring of oil on the rod collected by the wiping lip, and also has a venting feature to release the oil in the case of a pressure build up between the seal and wiper.

About the Author

Hallite Seals International are an ISO 9001 accredited manufacturer and provider of Hydraulic Seals and sealing solutions to the global fluid power industry. We operate in all five continents of the world, and work with a number of major international brands - renowned for their commitment to engineering excellence.

For over 100 years Hallite Seals International has been at the cutting edge of fluid power technology, manufacturing a wide range of rod / gland, piston, and static seals, as well as support and bearing components, for technically challenging applications, from a wide range of materials which include Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Polyurethane (AU), nitrile rubbers (NBR) and Fluoro-elastomers (FKM).

Back Mirror's rubber seal get unseal, especially at the corner side. Which glue brand I should use?

I find some of mirror rubber seals get un-seal anymore due to car age. Is there special glud to be used to make it sealed again?

You should try calling an auto parts store and asking them to recommend something.

Festival team hopes bowl lasts the week
Lynn Malone is worried about the Germans. Nearly 20 members of the Frankfurt-based Ensemble Modern will be at the 64th annual Ojai Music Festival when it runs today through Sunday.

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